One-line brake



July 3, 1928.

l. TRoFlMoFF ONE-LINE BRAKE Filed June 2, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet s sheets-sheet 2 July 3, 1928.

I. TROFIMOFF ONE-LINE BMKE Filed June 2, .1927

Patented July 3, 1928.

Laissez IWAN TROFIMOFF, OF MOSCOUVV, RUSSIA.

' ONE-LINE BRAKE.

Application led June 2,

The invention relates to an air brake of the known one line type for use in railways or motor car trains.

The new feature in regard to the leaders valve consists therein that a leaders handle, itted in a known way movably on a screw like part, is provided with a hollowr spindle, containing a double valve, one cone of which governs an air inlet to a brake pipe chamber, the other cone governing an f atmospheric outlet against a seat, iniiuenced by the brake air pressure and a spring. The new leaders valve is simple and sure in action and allows the use of any desirable grades of governing air pressures in the brake pipe. Further advantageous features of the new leaders valve will be described below.

rIhe new ruling valve or distributor, consisting essentially7 of similar parts, is advantageously provided with a pist-on like member, corresponding to the governing member of the leaders valve, one side of said piston like member being loaded by the airpressure of an equal pressure reservoir, the other side by a spring, and pro vided with a hollow spindle with a double valve, one cone of which governs an air inlet from the brake pipe to an auxiliary air reservoir and from these both parts to a brake cylinder, the other cone governing an atmospheric outlet against a seat, provided on a piston like member, corresponding to the piston like member of the leaders valve, and loaded on one side by the brake cylinder pressure, on the other side by a spring. By the use of simple and almost similar in action details for the essential parts ol the brake also a very simple and surely acting ruling valve is produced, which answers to the smallest pressure grades in the brake pipe and produces correspondingly small grades of the braking action. Further features of the ruling valve will be described below.

The drawing shows the principal parts of the new brake,

Figs. 1 and 2 showing two types of the leaders valve,

Figs. 3 and 4 two types ot the ruling valve.

A casing l of the leaders valve is provided on its narrower part 2 with a screw like collar 3. A leaders handle et is movable on the collar, being held on it by a ratchet bar 5 so,that during turning the handle moves upwa: The handle is provided with ai.

1927, Serial No. 196,067, and in Russia June 15, 1926.

hollow spindle 6, which is fixed by a nut 7 and a lock-nut 8. rIhe spindle extends through packing rings 9 and 10 in the upper and lower end of the casing part 2 so, that a chamber is formed to which is connected a channel 11 from a principal air reservoir.

The hollow spindle 6 is provided inside of said chamber with borings 12, direct-ly below which a valve seat is provided for the upper cone 13 oit a double valve 13, 14, the cone 13 being pressed upon its seat by a. spring 15. The lower part of the hollow spindle 6 is provided with boi-ings 16 and is guided by an atmospheric outlet 1T, attached to a diaphragm 18. The diaphragm 18 is put between the casing 1 and a lower casing part 10 and iorms with the casing 1 a chamber. into which is led a channel 2O from the brake pipe. Two springs 21 and 22 load the diaphragm against the pressure in the chamber. A stop plate 23 with a spring hold the diaphragm against the casing at lowest pressure in the chamber.

rlhe new device acts as follows. At the highest position of the leaders handle with the hollow spindle the atmospheric outlet 17 is stopped by the plate 23, the cone 14; of the double valve not closing the outlet, the upper cone 13 being on its seat. The brake pipe is then connected to the atmosphere, which corresponds to the strongest braking action.

At the lowest position of the hollow spindle the cone 1-/1 closes the atmospheric outlet 17, the cone 13 being open, and the valve follows the movement ot the atmospheric outlet 17, till the air, streaming to the brake pipe through the channels and borings 117 12, 13, 16 and 20. reaches the highest pressure. and the diaphragm 18 with the atmospheric outlet 1T is suspended in a balanced state, which corresponds to the iilling of the brake pipe.

In all intermediate positions the diaphragm 18 always comes into a balanced state between the force ot the springs 21, 22 on one side and the brake pipe and pipe pressure on the other side, as the double valve is closed at its both cones only at a certain position of the diaphragm, corresponding exactly to the position of the hollow spindle 6, and at a change of this position to one or the other side admits or lets out air to or From the brake pipe. Each air pressure reina ns hereby automnticaly main tained.

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The leaders valve according to 2l corresponds to that according to Fig; l Vand all parts have received the same numerals.

' 'lhe only diierence consists; thereirn: thatin':

:tead ot adiaphragm apiston 18 with. aA leather packing ring is provided. The lowerY casing part 19 is further arranged movably in regard to the upper 'casing partflwithi' V wards through a packing ring 40f'and is pro'- vided in its upper'end with borings 42 and eii'clos'es al double valve with two cones V43, 44 with springs. The lower lcone 44 stands opposite'an atmospheric outlet 47, attached to a piston 48 with springs 5l, 52.

The hollow spindle 36 is attached to a piston 33 with a leather packing ring. Above the piston the casing part 32 is pro. vided with a junction 34 to an" equal pressure air reservoir so', that the piston is loaded onits upper side by a constant air pressure. @nits lower ,side the piston is loaded by a spring 35. The boi-ings 42 otV the hollow spindle are closed against a` back stream of the air by Aa valve 37, placed inside -the hollow spindle.y Further borings 38 connect the space inside the spindle between the valves with a channel 3 9, which is connected with the auxiliary air reservoir. kA junction4l serves lorconnecti'on ot 'the brake pipe with the casing part32. n

Y Lchamber 54 containsy the cone 44 ot' the double valve, which leads to the atmosphere, and is connected by a channel 55 to a channel 56. which leads to the brake cylinder. A

-further channel 57 leads to the ybrake cylinder channel 56. In the way ot these two rchannels is provided a cock 58,' which closes the narrow channels 54. 55 or the wide channel577V or connects themdiully or partly tl'i'io'ttled with the brake cylinder channel 56, or closes the channel`56. In the last inenltioned position an atmospheric outlet 59His situated in the channel 56 and connects it 'with the atmosphere.k The brake isher'eby put out of action, while the use of the narrow channels 54, 55 results in a slow braking,l and the u'sefot the wide channel 57y results vin quick braking.

VA regulating member GO-with a screw like fixing part Gland a spring plate 62, loaded by an inner spring 5l is provided in' equal pressure"reservoir junction piston is then suspended in `pheres` vand ior halt loaded wagons toy a streams to the junction 4l ot the brake pipe in direction to the 34. rllhe a certain balanced state, correspondingpto each pressure tall inthe brake pige.y The air streams also through tl e nonret-urn. val te 37Y int-o the hollow spindle 36 and' through the borings 38" to the junction 39 ot the auxiliary air reservoir, Kvhich is hereby Filled tothe highest pressure ot the brake pipe.- The upper cone 43 oft the .double valve remains closed so, that the brake pipe and the auxiliary air reservoir areseparated from the brake cylinder. It the pressure in the brake pipe sinks, vfor example, 'from 5 to 3.5patinospheies, thepis'ton 33 with the hollow spindle 36 goes 'down so, that the lower cone 44r ot the double valve closes the atmospheric outlet Vand the upper cone 43 admits pressed air into the brake cylinder; and the braking action begins. This air admission results in a' pressure rise above the lower piston 4S so`,' that the piston 'goes downwards and the vairv admission lasts only as longl as the upperppiston tollowsthat downward movement; At its end the upper cone 43 ot' the double valvecomes on its seat andcloses the air admission from the brake pipe and the auxiliary air'v reservoir, and eventually the lower cone 44 lets out pressed air trom the lbrake cylinder to an extent, that the lower pistonLl-Y'inoves upwards and closes again the cone Y44 ot the double 'alve In this inanne'i' each air pressure in the brake pipe corresponds to a certain air pressure in the brake cylinder. and this brake cylinder pressure is automatically maintained conf-:tant by filling up from the auxiliary air reservoir into fthe'1 brake pipe, it air'losses arise troni untightn'ess. 'y

The air pressure is regulated by the lower and presses the piston 33 'handle (30hy the tension o'ttlie inner spring 5l s'0,vthat the highest pressure tor 'tuliy loaded wagons can be limited t. e. to atinosp' loins. -lor empty wagons to 'LS atmosl 4 convenient intermediate highest pressure.y rlhe pressuresrat all intermediate grades of braking action are altered accordingly. The speed ot the braking actioncan be regulated :by the cock 53, the Fig". 3`shows for instance the position Vtor slow braking by the narrow channel 55. I

The rulingvalve according to Fig. 4 is fundamentally similar to that according to Fig'. 3, but ot a simpler design. All parts received the. same corresponding numerals. as in Fig. V3, andl the laction is exactly the saine, ln the atmospheric outlet 47 'et this ilu lill

ruling valve a further nonreturn valve 63 with a spring 64 is provided, to prevent at braking` position, i. e. at opened atmospheric outlet, the admission of dust or other undesirable bodies into the ruling valve and the brake cylinder.

I claim:

l. A brake of the one line type, comprising in combination a brake pipe, a brake cylinder, a principal air reservoir, an auxiliary air reservoir, a lea-ders valve, a ruling valve, a hollow spindle inside said leaders valve and a hollow spindle inside said ruling` valve, both spindles being axially movable by regulating means, double valves inside both hollow spindles, one cone of said double valves governing an air inlet, the other cone governing' an atmospheric outlet against a seat influenced by the aii pressure, which has to be regulated.

2. A brake of the one line type, comprisina` in combination a brake pipe, a brake cylinder, a principal air reservoir, an auxiliary air reservoir, a leaders valve. a ruling valve, a leaders handle on said leaders valve, a screw like part, said handle being' movable on said screw like part, a hollow spindle, a double valve inside said spindle, a brake pipe chamber, one cone of said double valve governing an air inlet to said chamber, an atmospheric outlet, a valve seat on said outlet, the other cone of the double valve governing said outlet against said seat, said seat being influenced by the air pressure in` said chamber and a spring.

8. A brake of the one line type, comprising' in combination a brake pipe, a brake cylinder, a principal air reservoir, an auXil-V iary air reservoir, a leaders valve, a ruling valve, a leaders handle on said leaders valve, a sci-ew like part, said handle being' movable on said screw like part, a hollow spindle` a double valve inside said spindle, a brake pipe chamber, one cone of said double valve governing an air inlet to said chamber. an atmospheric outlet, a valve seat on said outlet, the other cone of the double valve governing said outlet against said seat, said seatbeingv influenced by the air pressure in said chamber and a spring, boringrs in said hollow spindle. said scat of said atinosg'iheric outlet extending' in the shape of a pipe into said hollow spindle.

fl. A brake of the one line type, comprising in combination a brake pipe, a brake cylinder, a principal air reservoir, an auxiliary air reservoir, a leaders valve` a ruling valve, a. hollow spindle in said ruling valve, a piston like member in said rulingv valve, said spindle being' fastened to said piston like member, a springr loading one side of said member, and a chamber of equal air pressure, said pressure loading the other side of said member.

5. A brake of the one line type, comprising in combination a brake pipe, a. brake cylinder, a principal air reservoir, an auxiliary air reservoir, a leaders valve. a ruling valve, a hollow spindle in said ruling valve, a piston like member in said ruling valve, said spindle being fastened to said piston like member, a spring loading one side of said member, and a chamber of equal air pressure, said pressure loading the other side of said member, an atmospheric outlet, al valve seat oii said outlet. a second piston like member, said outlet being fastened to said second member, a spring;r loading one side of said second piston like member, a part with screw thread, said part supporting said spring so, that the spring tension can be altered and the braking action hereby regulated.

6. iii brake as claimed in claim et, including` also a chamber connected with said hollow spindle` t-wo channels connecting said chamber with the brake cylinder and al cock, which can alternatively open or throttle one or the other of said channels so as to regulate the braking' velocity.

7. A brake consisting` of all parts named in claim 4, 5 or 6 and furthermore of a nonreturn valve in said hollow spindle, prevent-ing` an air back stream from said brake pipe, a space inside said hollow spindle hetween said nonreturn valve and said double valve, a chamber leading to said auxiliary air reservoir and borings in said spindle, connecting' said space inside the spindle with said chamber.

8. A brake consisting of all parts named in claim el, 5, 6 or 7 and furthermore of a second nonreturn valve in said atmospheric outlet, preventing the admission of dust or other undesirable bodies into said ruling valve and said brake cylinder.

In witness whereof I affix inv signature.

iwAN TuoFiMoFF. 

